Khan, A and Ahmedy, I and Anisi, MH and Javaid, N and Ali, I and Khan, N and Alsaqer, M and Mahmood, H (2018) 'A localization-free interference and energy holes minimization routing for underwater wireless sensor networks.' Sensors, 18 (1). ISSN 1424-2818

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Abstract

Interference and energy holes formation in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) threaten the reliable delivery of data packets from a source to a destination. Interference also causes inefficient utilization of the limited battery power of the sensor nodes in that more power is consumed in the retransmission of the lost packets. Energy holes are dead nodes close to the surface of water, and their early death interrupts data delivery even when the network has live nodes. This paper proposes a localization-free interference and energy holes minimization (LF-IEHM) routing protocol for UWSNs. The proposed algorithm overcomes interference during data packet forwarding by defining a unique packet holding time for every sensor node. The energy holes formation is mitigated by a variable transmission range of the sensor nodes. As compared to the conventional routing protocols, the proposed protocol does not require the localization information of the sensor nodes, which is cumbersome and difficult to obtain, as nodes change their positions with water currents. Simulation results show superior performance of the proposed scheme in terms of packets received at the final destination and end-to-end delay.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	underwater; routing; protocol; interference; energy holes; adaptive transmission range
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Health > Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, School of
Depositing User:	Elements
Date Deposited:	26 Jun 2018 12:35
Last Modified:	26 Jun 2018 12:35
URI:	http://repository.essex.ac.uk/id/eprint/22260

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