Winners, Losers, Insiders, and Outsiders: Comparing Hierometer and Sociometer Theories of Self-Regard.

Mahadevan, Nikhila and Gregg, Aiden P and Sedikides, Constantine and de Waal-Andrews, Wendy G (2016) 'Winners, Losers, Insiders, and Outsiders: Comparing Hierometer and Sociometer Theories of Self-Regard.' Frontiers in Psychology, 7 (MAR). 334-. ISSN 1664-1078

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00334

Abstract

What evolutionary function does self-regard serve? Hierometer theory, introduced here, provides one answer: it helps individuals navigate status hierarchies, which feature zero-sum contests that can be lost as well as won. In particular, self-regard tracks social status to regulate behavioral assertiveness, augmenting or diminishing it to optimize performance in such contests. Hierometer theory also offers a conceptual counterpoint that helps resolve ambiguities in sociometer theory, which offers a complementary account of self-regard's evolutionary function. In two large-scale cross-sectional studies, we operationalized theoretically relevant variables at three distinct levels of analysis, namely, social (relations: status, inclusion), psychological (self-regard: self-esteem, narcissism), and behavioral (strategy: assertiveness, affiliativeness). Correlational and mediational analyses consistently supported hierometer theory, but offered only mixed support for sociometer theory, including when controlling for confounding constructs (anxiety, depression). We interpret our results in terms of a broader agency-communion framework.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	hierometer theory; sociometer theory; status; inclusion; self-regard; self-esteem; narcissism; assertiveness
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Health Faculty of Science and Health > Psychology, Department of
SWORD Depositor:	Elements
Depositing User:	Elements
Date Deposited:	26 May 2020 07:40
Last Modified:	06 Jan 2022 14:05
URI:	http://repository.essex.ac.uk/id/eprint/27606

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