Martyrologists without boundaries: the collaboration of John Foxe and Heinrich Pantaleon

Despite the wealth of research on the mid-sixteenth-century Protestant martyrologies of John Foxe, Jean Crespin, and others, Heinrich Pantaleon?s Martyrvm historia (1563) has been comparatively overlooked. This article, however, maintains that Pantaleon?s martyrology was important. Unlike other Protestant martyrologists, Pantaleon could read not only classical languages but also Dutch, German, and Italian. Pantaleon drew on vernacular martyrologies and translated the material for incorporation into his own Latin text, making this material accessible to the learned across Europe, and creating a more cohesive group of international Protestant martyrs. An example of this effect is provided by Foxe?s use of Pantaleon?s accounts of the German and Italian martyrs, which is explored fully here.