Pekrun, Reinhard and Murayama, Kou and Marsh, Herbert W and Goetz, Thomas and Frenzel, Anne C (2019) Happy fish in little ponds: Testing a reference group model of achievement and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117 (1). pp. 166-185. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000230
Pekrun, Reinhard and Murayama, Kou and Marsh, Herbert W and Goetz, Thomas and Frenzel, Anne C (2019) Happy fish in little ponds: Testing a reference group model of achievement and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117 (1). pp. 166-185. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000230
Pekrun, Reinhard and Murayama, Kou and Marsh, Herbert W and Goetz, Thomas and Frenzel, Anne C (2019) Happy fish in little ponds: Testing a reference group model of achievement and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117 (1). pp. 166-185. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000230
Abstract
A theoretical model linking achievement and emotions is proposed. The model posits that individual achievement promotes positive achievement emotions and reduces negative achievement emotions. In contrast, group-level achievement is thought to reduce individuals’ positive emotions and increase their negative emotions. The model was tested using one cross-sectional and two longitudinal datasets on 5th to 10th grade students’ achievement emotions in mathematics (Studies 1–3: Ns = 1,610, 1,759, and 4,353, respectively). Multilevel latent structural equation modeling confirmed that individual achievement had positive predictive effects on positive emotions (enjoyment, pride) and negative predictive effects on negative emotions (anger, anxiety, shame, and hopelessness), controlling for prior achievement, autoregressive effects, reciprocal effects, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES). Class-level achievement had negative compositional effects on the positive emotions and positive compositional effects on the negative emotions. Additional analyses suggested that self-concept of ability is a possible mediator of these effects. Furthermore, there were positive compositional effects of class-level achievement on individual achievement in Study 2 but not in Study 3, indicating that negative compositional effects on emotion are not reliably counteracted by positive effects on performance. The results were robust across studies, age groups, synchronous versus longitudinal analysis, and latent-manifest versus doubly latent modeling. These findings imply that individual success drives emotional well-being, whereas placing individuals in high-achieving groups can undermine well-being. Thus, the findings challenge policy and practice decisions on achievement-contingent allocation of individuals to groups.
Item Type: | Article |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | achievement emotion, compositional effect, contextual effect, frame-of-reference effect,control-value theory |
Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Health Faculty of Science and Health > Psychology, Department of |
SWORD Depositor: | Unnamed user with email elements@essex.ac.uk |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email elements@essex.ac.uk |
Date Deposited: | 06 Dec 2019 15:56 |
Last Modified: | 30 Oct 2024 17:04 |
URI: | http://repository.essex.ac.uk/id/eprint/26167 |
Available files
Filename: Pekrun et al JPSP in press 2018 Reference Group Model.pdf