A privacy-preserving authentication scheme based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography and using Quotient Filter in fog-enabled VANET

Security and privacy are considered as two main challenges in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). To cope with these challenges and in order to improve the safety of VANET, we propose a secure and privacy-preserving authentication scheme. In the proposed scheme, Quotient Filter (QF) is used to address node authentication while message authentication is done based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). Besides, each vehicle is mapped to a different pseudo-identity to preserve privacy in VANET. Moreover, due to the higher computational capabilities of Fog Nodes (FN) compared to Road-Side Units (RSUs), they are distributed over the side of the road to minimize the latency of the security model and enhance the system throughput. Our security analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme is able to identify illegitimacy vehicle nodes and invalid messages when the fog-enabled VANET is exposed to attacks. Furthermore, the performance evaluations prove the effectiveness of our work compared to the existing studies.