Lostal, Marina (2022) The Protection of Cultural Property in Armed Conflict and Occupation. In: International Conflict and Security Law: A Research Handbook. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague, pp. 443-467. ISBN 978-94-6265-515-7. Official URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-6...
Lostal, Marina (2022) The Protection of Cultural Property in Armed Conflict and Occupation. In: International Conflict and Security Law: A Research Handbook. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague, pp. 443-467. ISBN 978-94-6265-515-7. Official URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-6...
Lostal, Marina (2022) The Protection of Cultural Property in Armed Conflict and Occupation. In: International Conflict and Security Law: A Research Handbook. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague, pp. 443-467. ISBN 978-94-6265-515-7. Official URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-6...
Abstract
This chapter explains the basic provisions for the protection of cultural property in armed conflict and occupation. It first offers an overview of the history of plunder and destruction of cultural property until the time where there was a shift in attitude and this practice started to be considered unlawful. Then, it examines the legal framework currently applicable, including customary international rules enshrined in the 1907 IV Hague Regulations, the main provisions of the 1954 Hague Convention, its First Protocol, its 1999 Second Protocol, the 1977 Additional Protocols and relevant resolutions from the UN Security Council. Special emphasis is placed on individual criminal responsibility and the criminalization of offences against cultural property.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Cultural Property, 1954 Hague Convention, Armed Conflict, Occupation, 1999 Second Protocol, Criminalization |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Arts and Humanities > Essex Law School |
| SWORD Depositor: | Unnamed user with email elements@essex.ac.uk |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email elements@essex.ac.uk |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jan 2026 14:47 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jan 2026 14:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.essex.ac.uk/id/eprint/34858 |