UAV-Empowered Integrated Sensing and Communication for 6G

Uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is envisioned to play an increasing important role in sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems, where the UAVs can serve as an aerial base station to extend the network coverage and provide improved sensing and communication services for mobile users. Compared to terrestrial base stations, UAVs exhibit distinct attributes (i.e., line-of-sight links, controllable mobility, restricted endurance, etc.) introduces both opportunities and challenges to improve the ISAC performance. To shed light on future research trends, this paper provides a comprehensive survey for UAV-aided ISAC. We firstly introduce the hierarchical network architecture, unique performance advantages, and typical applications of UAV-aided ISAC. Then, we present the key techniques including ISAC frame design, waveform design, UAV deployment optimization, operational mode, and resource management to reveal how to achieve UAV-aided ISAC. Next, a case study is provided to demonstrate the performance advantages of UAV-aided ISAC. Finally, some existing design challenges and open issues are elaborated to provide the guidance for future works.