6D Movable Holographic Surface Assisted Integrated Data and Energy Transfer: A Sensing Enhanced Approach

Reconfigurable holographic surface (RHS) enables cost-effective large-scale arrays with high spatial gain. However, its amplitude-controlled holographic beamforming suffers from directional fluctuations, making it difficult to fully exploit the spatial gain of RHS. The 6D movable antenna (6DMA) provides a potential solution to this problem. In this paper, we study a 6D movable holographic surface (6DMHS) integrated data and energy transfer (IDET) system, where a three-stage protocol is proposed, consisting of an uplink sensing stage, an orientation adjustment stage and a downlink transmission stage, to coordinate the 6DMHS and effectively serve the IDET receivers. First, the holographic-based sensing technology is proposed and the sensing information of the IDET receivers is exploited. Second, by fixing the rotations with the sensing information, the orientation optimization problem is formulated for designing the holographic beamforming of the RHS and adjusting the translations of the 6DMHS. As a result, the directions with maximum beamforming gain are aligned with each IDET receiver. Third, by fixing the orientation of the 6DMHS and the holographic beamforming, the equivalent wireless channel is obtained. The IDET performance optimization problem is formulated for obtaining the optimal digital beamforming, power splitting factor and energy harvesting (EH) power. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is capable of improving the IDET performance compared to the benchmarks.