Spurgeon, Jessica and Ward, Geoff and Matthews, William J (2014) Examining the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall: Common effects of phonological loop variables but only limited evidence for the phonological loop. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40 (4). pp. 1110-1141. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035784
Spurgeon, Jessica and Ward, Geoff and Matthews, William J (2014) Examining the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall: Common effects of phonological loop variables but only limited evidence for the phonological loop. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40 (4). pp. 1110-1141. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035784
Spurgeon, Jessica and Ward, Geoff and Matthews, William J (2014) Examining the relationship between immediate serial recall and immediate free recall: Common effects of phonological loop variables but only limited evidence for the phonological loop. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40 (4). pp. 1110-1141. DOI https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035784
Abstract
We examined the contribution of the phonological loop to immediate free recall (IFR) and immediate serial recall (ISR) of lists of between one and 15 words. Following Baddeley (1986, 2000, 2007, 2012), we assumed that visual words could be recoded into the phonological store when presented silently but that recoding would be prevented by concurrent articulation (CA; Experiment 1). We further assumed that the use of the phonological loop would be evidenced by greater serial recall for lists of phonologically dissimilar words relative to lists of phonologically similar words (Experiments 2A and 2B). We found that in both tasks, (a) CA reduced recall; (b) participants recalled short lists from the start of the list, leading to enhanced forward-ordered recall; (c) participants were increasingly likely to recall longer lists from the end of the list, leading to extended recency effects; (d) there were significant phonological similarity effects in ISR and IFR when both were analyzed using serial recall scoring; (e) these were reduced by free recall scoring and eliminated by CA; and (f) CA but not phonological similarity affected the tendency to initiate recall with the first list item. We conclude that similar mechanisms underpin ISR and IFR. Critically, the phonological loop is not strictly necessary for the forward-ordered recall of short lists on both tasks but may augment recall by increasing the accessibility of the list items (relative to CA), and in so doing, the order of later items is preserved better in phonologically dissimilar than in phonologically similar lists. © 2014 American Psychological Association.
Item Type: | Article |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans; Analysis of Variance; Probability; Photic Stimulation; Memory, Short-Term; Mental Recall; Verbal Learning; Serial Learning; Visual Perception; Time Factors; Students; Universities; Phonetics; Vocabulary; Female; Male |
Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry |
Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Health Faculty of Science and Health > Psychology, Department of |
SWORD Depositor: | Unnamed user with email elements@essex.ac.uk |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email elements@essex.ac.uk |
Date Deposited: | 01 May 2014 09:13 |
Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2024 04:56 |
URI: | http://repository.essex.ac.uk/id/eprint/9306 |