Fear and loathing on the <i>kharisiri</i> trail: Alterity and identity in the Andes

<jats:p>The well‐documented figure of the Andean <jats:italic>kharisiri</jats:italic> (alternatively <jats:italic>ñakaq, pishtaco</jats:italic>) who steals the fat of Indians and sells it to bishops or hospitals has generally been understood in terms of the fear Indians have of outsiders and anxiety about modernity. As such there are similarities with the wider phenomena of organ‐stealers around the world. This article, however, examines the cultural specificities of <jats:italic>kharisiri</jats:italic> beliefs and outlines important differences from these more generalized phenomena. <jats:italic>Kharisiris</jats:italic> steal fat, and by understanding the role of fat in Andean culture we understand better not only the phenomenon of the <jats:italic>kharisiri</jats:italic>, but also how he comes so horrifyingly to represent the ‘racialized’ outsider. Moreover, such an analysis also illuminates how the distinction between Indian and non‐Indian is understood emically and thus introduces a way of understanding difference that goes beyond analyses based on the categories of ethnicity, race, or class; that is, difference as a boundary between alterity and identity.</jats:p>