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Townend, Dave and Walker, Stuart D and Tukmanov, Anvar and Sutton, Andy (2024) Cell Site Densification Using mmWave and sub-THz Line-of-Sight Wireless Fronthaul: A Deployment Feasibility Study. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. p. 1. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2024.3468454

Ngobigha, Felix and Evans, Matthew and Cummines, Iain and Koczian, Geza and Walker, Stuart D (2024) Stochastic Power Supply Technologies for Energy-Efficient, Networked, and Sound-Reinforcement Systems. IEEE Access, 12. pp. 119937-119945. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3450349

Parker, Michael C and Jeynes, Chris and Walker, Stuart D (2024) A Hyperbolic Sum Rule for Probability: Solving Recursive (“Chicken & Egg”) Problems. Working Paper. Preprints.org.

Ngobigha, Felix and Koczian, Geza and Walker, Stuart D (2024) Towards Mobile Data Centres: Provision of End-to-End 10 and 40 Gbit/s Ethernet Train Backbones on International Rolling Stock. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 73 (2). pp. 1890-1898. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2023.3315516

Townend, Dave and Husbands, Ryan and Walker, Stuart D and Sutton, Andy (2023) Challenges and Opportunities in Wireless Fronthaul. IEEE Access, 11. pp. 106607-106619. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3319073

Townend, Dave and Husbands, Ryan and Walker, Stuart D and Sharples, Adrian (2023) Toward Wireless Fronthaul for Cloud RAN Architectures. In: IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference 2023, 2023-03-26 - 2023-03-29, Glasgow. (In Press)

Townend, Dave and Walker, Stuart D and Sharples, Adrian and Sutton, Andy (2022) A Unified Line-of-Sight Probability Model for Commercial 5G Mobile Network Deployments. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 70 (2). pp. 1291-1297. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2021.3119099

Habib, U and Aighobahi, AE and Quinlan, T and Walker, SD and Gomes, NJ (2018) Analog Radio-over-Fiber Supported Increased RAU Spacing for 60GHz Distributed MIMO employing Spatial Diversity and Multiplexing. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 36 (19). pp. 4354-4360. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2018.2832028

Kaka, AO and Toycan, M and Walker, SD (2018) Circularly polarized implantable antenna characterization for retinal prosthesis systems. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 26 (3). pp. 1180-1189. DOI https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1706-101

Canales-Valenzuela, Carolina and Baltatu, Madalina and Costa, Luciana and Habel, Kai and Jungnickel, Volker and Koczian, Geza and Ngobigha, Felix and Parker, Michael and Siddiqui, Mohammad Shuaib and Trouva, Eleni and Walker, Stuart (2018) Security. In: 5G System Design: Architectural and Functional Considerations and Long Term Research. John Wiley & Sons, pp. 207-225. ISBN 978-1-119-42512-0. Official URL: https://www.wiley.com/en-gb/5G+System+Design:+Arch...

Parker, MC and Koczian, G and Walker, SD and Habel, K and Jungnickel, V and Rokkas, T and Neokosmidis, I and Siddiqui, MS and Escalona, E and Canales-Valenzuela, C and Foglar, A and Ulbricht, M and Liu, Y and Point, JC and Kritharidis, D and Katsaros, KV and Trouva, E and Angelopoulos, Y and Filis, K and Lyberopoulos, G and Zetserov, E and Levi, D and Kralj, P and Jenko, P (2017) Ultra-low latency 5G CHARISMA architecture for secure intelligent transportation verticals. In: 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), 2017, 2017-07-02 - 2017-07-06, Girona, Spain.

Adeyemi-Ejeye, A and Alreshoodi, M and Walker, SD (2017) Implementation of 4kUHD HEVC-content transmission. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 76 (17). pp. 18099-18118. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3807-2

Neokosmidis, Ioannis and Rokkas, Theodoros and Parker, Michael C and Koczian, Geza and Walker, Stuart D and Siddiqui, Muhammad Shuaib and Escalona, Eduard (2017) Assessment of socio-techno-economic factors affecting the market adoption and evolution of 5G networks: Evidence from the 5G-PPP CHARISMA project. Telematics and Informatics, 34 (5). pp. 572-589. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2016.11.007

Loukriz, A and Dudley, S and Brown, R and Quinlan, T and Walker, S (2017) Experimental validation of a thirteen level H-bridge photovoltaic inverter configuration. In: 17th IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2017 1st IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, EEEIC / I and CPS Europe 2017, 2017-06-06 - 2017-06-09, Milan.

Habib, U and Aighobahi, AE and Nair, M and Zhu, H and Quinlan, T and Walker, SD and Gomes, NJ (2017) Performance improvement for OFDM-RoF transported 60 GHz system using spatial diversity and multiplexing. In: IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, 2017, 2017-05-21 - 2017-05-25, Paris.

Alarefi, SAS and Walker, S (2017) Innovative shunt measurement for residential water micro-leakage detection. In: 8th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC), 2017, 2017-03-21 - 2017-03-23, Amman, Jordan.

Adebomehin, Akeem A and Walker, Stuart D (2017) Impulse radio Ultrawideband D2D-based localization for ultra-dense 5G networks. In: 2017 IEEE 18th Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON), 2017-04-24 - 2017-04-25.

Adeyemi-Ejeye, Anthony and Koczian, Geza and Alreshoodi, Mohammed Abdulrahman and Parker, Michael and Walker, Stuart (2017) Ultra-High-Definition Video Transmission for Mission-Critical Communication Systems Applications: Challenges and Solutions. In: UNSPECIFIED IGI Global, p. 115. ISBN 9781522521136. Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2113-6

Quinlan, Terence and Walker, Stuart (2016) A monopole fed omnidirectional 13dBi gain Bi-conical horn antenna for IEEE802.11ad applications. In: 2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC), 2016-11-14 - 2016-11-15.

Loukriz, Abdelhamid and Dudley, Sandra and Messalti, Sabir and Quinlan, Terence and Loukriz, Abdelouadoud and Walker, Stuart (2016) A novel single-phase thirteen level inverter for photovoltaic application. In: 2016 8th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC), 2016-11-15 - 2016-11-17.

Loukriz, AH and Dudley, S and Quinlan, T and Walker, SD (2016) Experimental realization of a single-phase five level inverter for PV applications. In: IEEE 17th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL) 2016, 2016-06-27 - 2016-06-30, Trondheim, Norway.

Siddiqui, MS and Legarrea, A and Escalona, E and Parker, MC and Koczian, G and Walker, SD and Lyberopoulos, G and Theodoropoulou, E and Filis, K and Foglar, A and Ulbricht, M and Liu, Y and Point, JC and Trouva, E and Rokkas, Th and Neokosmidis, I and Kritharidis, D and Katsaros, K and Spirou, S and Habel, K and Jungnickel, V and Canales, C and Lorenzo, M (2016) Hierarchical, virtualised and distributed intelligence 5G architecture for low-latency and secure applications. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies, 27 (9). pp. 1233-1241. DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.3072

Adebomehin, Akeem A and Walker, Stuart D (2016) Ultra-wideband signals for high-resolution cognitive positioning techniques in 5G wireless. In: 2016 IEEE 37th Sarnoff Symposium, 2016-09-19 - 2016-09-21.

Abe, A and Walker, SD (2016) Enhancement of 60GHz transmission over 802.11ad using specular reflection. In: IEEE International Symposium on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LANMAN) 2016, 2016-06-13 - 2016-06-15, Rome, Italy.

Parker, MC and Koczian, G and Adeyemi-Ejeye, F and Quinlan, T and Walker, SD and Legarrea, A and Siddiqui, MS and Escalona, E and Spirou, S and Kritharidis, D and Habel, K and Jungnickel, V and Trouva, E and Kourtis, A and Liu, Y and Frigau, M Sander and Point, JC and Lyberopoulos, G and Theodoropoulou, E and Filis, K and Rokkas, Th and Neokosmidis, I and Levi, D and Zetserov, E and Foglar, A and Ulbricht, M and Peternel, B and Gustincic, D (2016) CHARISMA: Converged heterogeneous advanced 5G cloud-RAN architecture for intelligent and secure media access. In: 2016 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), 2016-06-27 - 2016-06-30.

Adebomehin, Akeem A and Walker, Stuart D (2016) Enhanced Ultrawideband LOS sufficiency positioning and mitigation for cognitive 5G wireless setting. In: 2016 39th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), 2016-06-27 - 2016-06-29.

Adebomehin, Akeem A and Walker, Stuart D (2016) Enhanced Ultrawideband methods for 5G LOS sufficient positioning and mitigation. In: 2016 IEEE 17th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), 2016-06-21 - 2016-06-24.

Abe, Adewale and Walker, Stuart D (2016) Multi-hop 802.11ad wireless H.264 video streaming. In: 2016 39th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), 2016-06-27 - 2016-06-29.

Jungnickel, Volker and Parker, Michael C and Riera, Jordi Ferrer and Bock, Carlos and Marques, Victor and Levi, David and Schulz, Dominic and Hilt, Jonas and Habel, Kai and del Rosal, Luz Fernandez and Freund, Ronald and Walker, Stuart D (2016) Software-defined Open Access for flexible and service-oriented 5G deployment. In: 2016 ICC - 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC), 2016-05-23 - 2016-05-27.

Boucouvalas, Anthony C and Wilner, Alan and Zervas, Michael and Walker, Stuart and Schachterr, Levi (2016) Introduction to the Issue on Optical Waveguide Technology and Applications. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 22 (2). pp. 5-7. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2016.2537283

Alarefi, Salma AS and Walker, Stuart D (2015) Intelligent low-cost micro-hydro power emulator for domestic applications. In: 2015 3rd International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), 2015-12-10 - 2015-12-13.

Corsatea, Bianca-Maria and Walker, Stuart (2015) Opportunities for Moodle data and learning intelligence in Virtual Environments. In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS), 2015-12-01 - 2015-12-03.

Ramli, Naseem and Walker, Stuart (2015) Pan-global, annualized determination of solar collector optimum tilt angle. In: 2015 7th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC), 2015-12-18 - 2015-12-20.

Ramli, Naseem and Walker, Stuart (2015) Power maximization using multiple step, load-side, current-mode sensing. In: 2015 3rd International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), 2015-12-10 - 2015-12-13.

Domoney, W Frank and Ramli, Naseem and Alarefi, Salma and Walker, Stuart D (2015) Smart city solutions to water management using self-powered, low-cost, water sensors and apache spark data aggregation. In: 2015 3rd International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), 2015-12-10 - 2015-12-13.

Bade, Melkamu G and Toycan, Mehmet and Walker, Stuart D (2015) Cost and energy efficient operation of converged, reconfigurable optical wireless networks. Optical Switching and Networking, 18 (P1). pp. 71-80. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.osn.2015.04.002

Alshahrani, Ali M and Walker, Stuart (2015) An encryption algorithm (T-key) based on a 4D tesseract. In: 2015 Forth International Conference on e-Technologies and Networks for Development (ICeND), 2015-09-21 - 2015-09-23.

Kaka, Ademola O and Toycan, Mehmet and Walker, Stuart D (2015) Miniaturized stacked implant antenna design at ISM band with biocompatible characteristics. COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 34 (4). pp. 1270-1285. DOI https://doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2015-0032

Parker, Michael C and Koczian, Geza and Quinlan, Terry and Walker, Stuart D (2015) High capacity communications at 24 GHz and 60 GHz for converged 5G networking. In: 2015 20th European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications - (NOC), 2015-06-30 - 2015-07-02.

Ramli, Naseem M and Alarefi, Salma AS and Walker, Stuart D (2015) Renewable power and microgeneration in Libya: Photovoltaic system sizing, wind, rainfall potentials and public response. In: 2015 Sixth International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC), 2015-03-24 - 2015-03-26.

Alshahranil, Ali M and Walker, Stuart (2015) Tesseract: A 4D symmetric key container for multimedia security. In: 2015 Third International Conference on Digital Information, Networking, and Wireless Communications (DINWC), 2015-02-03 - 2015-02-05.

Alshahrani, AMS and Walker, S (2015) Inventive Cubic symmetric encryption system for multimedia. In: Fourth International Conference on Information Technology Convergence & Services (ITCS 2015), ? - ?, Zurich.

Quinlan, Terence and Walker, Stuart D (2014) A Polarization Switched, Narrowband, RF Probe System Using a VCSEL Optical Feed. IEEE Sensors Journal, 14 (12). pp. 4348-4353. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2014.2335991

Riera, Jordi Ferrer and Bock, Carles and Escalona, Eduard and Jungnickel, Volker and Habel, Kai and Parker, Michael C and Walker, Stuart and Quinlan, Terry and Marques, Victor and Levi, David (2014) Software-defined wired-wireless access network convergence: The SODALES approach. In: 2014 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2014-12-08 - 2014-12-12.

Quinlan, Terence and Walker, Stuart (2014) A 16.8dBi quasi-discoidal radiation pattern antenna array for 60GHz non-line-of-sight applications. In: 2014 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC), 2014-11-10 - 2014-11-11.

Parker, Michael C and Walker, Stuart D (2014) A Unified Carnot Thermodynamic and Shannon Channel Capacity Information-Theoretic Energy Efficiency Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 62 (10). pp. 3552-3559. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2014.2351412

Jungnickel, Volker and Habel, Kai and Parker, Michael and Walker, Stuart and Bock, Carlos and Riera, Jordi Ferrer and Marques, Victor and Levi, David (2014) Software-defined open architecture for front- and backhaul in 5G mobile networks. In: 2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), 2014-07-06 - 2014-07-10.

Bock, Carlos and Ferrer, Jordi and Parker, Michael C and Walker, Stuart D and Mendes, Tiago and Marques, Victor and Jungnickel, Volker and Habel, Kai and Levi, David (2014) Techno-economics and performance of convergent radio and fibre architectures. In: 2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), 2014-07-06 - 2014-07-10.

Alshahrani, Ali M and Walker, Stuart (2014) A novel encryption solution for real time applications. In: 2014 Third International Conference on e-Technologies and Networks for Development (ICeND), 2014-04-29 - 2014-05-01.

Llorente, Roberto and Morant, Maria and Pellicer, Eloy and Herman, Milan and Nagy, Zsolt and Alves, Tiago and Cartaxo, Adolfo and Herrera, Javier and Correcher, Jose and Quinlan, Terence and Walker, Stuart and Rodrigues, Cláudio and Cluzeaud, Pierre and Schmidt, Axel and Piesiewicz, Radoslaw and Sambaraju, Rakesh (2014) On-the-field performance of quintuple-play long-reach OFDM-based WDM-PON optical access networks. Optics Express, 22 (6). p. 6203. DOI https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.006203

Adeyemi-Ejeye, AO and Walker, S (2014) 4kUHD H264 Wireless Live Video Streaming Using CUDA. Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2014. pp. 1-12. DOI https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/183716

Parker, MC and Jungnickel, V and Walker, S (2014) 5G mm-wave and optical wireless links for converged multi-Gb/s access and beyond. In: IMDEA Networks Workshop, ? - ?, Madrid.

Quinlan, Terence and Walker, Stuart (2014) A Coaxial, 60-GHz, 15.3-dBi Slot Antenna Array. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 13. pp. 818-821. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2014.2317313

Clift, L and Kockzian, G and Adeyemi-Ejeye, AO and Walker, S and Clark, AF (2014) Delivering Live 4K Broadcasting Using Today?s Technology. In: Proceedings of the International Broadcasting Convention, ? - ?, Amsterdam.

Femi-Jemilohun, Oladunni Juliet and Quinlan, T and Barc, Sophie and Walker, Stuart D (2014) An Experimental Investigation Into GbE Wireless Data Communication at 24 GHz in Non-Line-of-Sight and Multipath Rich Environments. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 13. pp. 1219-1222. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2014.2332236

Alshahrani, AM and Walker, S (2014) Implement A Novel Symmetric Block Cipher Algorithm. International Journal on Cryptography and Information Security, 4 (4). pp. 1-11. DOI https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcis.2014.4401

Musa, IK and Walker, S (2014) Multi Objective Optimization Strategy Suitable for Virtual Cells as a Service. In: Innovations in Bio-inspired Computing and Applications. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing . Springer, pp. 49-59. ISBN 9783319017808. Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01781-5_5

Femi-Jemilohun, OJ and Walker, S (2014) Performance Evaluation of 24GHz Spectrum Indoor Wireless Radio Links. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 4 (11).

Musa, Ibrahim K and Walker, Stuart D and Owen, Anne M and Harrison, Andrew P (2014) Self-service infrastructure container for data intensive application. Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications, 3 (1). p. 5. DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-3-5

Ferrer, J and Bock, C and Mendes, T and Parker, MC and Jungnickel, V and Levi, D and Marques, V and Rodrigues, C and Escalona, E and Garcia-Espin, JA and Walker, S (2014) Techno Economics and Cost Analysis of Convergent Access Networks. In: EuCNC, ? - ?, Bologna, Italy.

Musa, Ibrahim Kabiru and Walker, Stuart D (2013) Adaptive market place for converged cloud computing model. In: 2013 8th International Conference for Internet Technology and Secured Transactions (ICITST), 2013-12-09 - 2013-12-12.

Quinlan, Terence and Walker, Stuart (2013) A 60GHz, linearly polarised, 16dBi coaxial slot array antenna. In: 2013 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC), 2013-11-11 - 2013-11-12.

Adeyemi-Ejeye, AO and Walker, SD (2013) Ultra-high definition Wireless Video transmission using H.264 over 802.11n WLAN: Challenges and performance evaluation. In: UNSPECIFIED, ? - ?.

Ramli, NM and Walker, SD (2013) First realisation of a Golomb ruler staircase inverter for photovoltaic applications. In: 2013 5th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Conference (CEEC), 2013-09-17 - 2013-09-18.

Mahmouli, Fariborz Eslampanahi and Walker, Stuart D (2013) 4-Gbps Uncompressed Video Transmission over a 60-GHz Orbital Angular Momentum Wireless Channel. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2 (2). pp. 223-226. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/wcl.2013.012513.120686

Hugues-Salas, E and Giddings, RP and Jin, XQ and Hong, Y and Quinlan, T and Walker, S and Tang, JM (2012) REAM intensity modulator-enabled 10Gb/s colorless upstream transmission of real-time optical OFDM signals in a single-fiber-based bidirectional PON architecture. Optics Express, 20 (19). p. 21089. DOI https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.021089

Quinlan, Terence and Dudley, Sandra and Morant, Maria and Llorente, Roberto and Walker, Stuart (2012) VCSEL-based, CWDM - PON systems using reflective technology for bi-directional multi-play service provision. Optics Express, 20 (15). p. 16726. DOI https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.016726

Quinlan, Terence and Morant, Maria and Dudley, Sandra and Llorente, Roberto and Walker, Stuart (2011) 480Mbit/s UWB bi-directional radio over fiber CWDM PON using ultra-low cost and power VCSELs. Optics Express, 19 (26). B197-B197. DOI https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.00b197

Morant, Maria and Llorente, Roberto and Hauden, Jerome and Quinlan, Terence and Mottet, Alexandre and Walker, Stuart (2011) Dual-drive LiNbO_3 interferometric Mach-Zehnder architecture with extended linear regime for high peak-to-average OFDM-based communication systems. Optics Express, 19 (26). B452-B452. DOI https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.00b452

Jin, XQ and Wei, JL and Giddings, RP and Quinlan, T and Walker, S and Tang, JM (2011) Experimental Demonstrations and Extensive Comparisons of End-to-End Real-Time Optical OFDM Transceivers With Adaptive Bit and/or Power Loading. IEEE Photonics Journal, 3 (3). pp. 500-511. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2011.2154380

Wallace, Denise and Eltiti, Stacy and Ridgewell, Anna and Garner, Kelly and Russo, Riccardo and Sepulveda, Francisco and Walker, Stuart and Quinlan, Terence and Dudley, Sandra and Maung, Sithu and others (2011) Cognitive and physiological responses in humans exposed to a TETRA base station signal in relation to perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity. Bioelectromagnetics, 33 (1). pp. 23-39. DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20681

Wallace, Denise and Eltiti, Stacy and Ridgewell, Anna and Garner, Kelly and Russo, Riccardo and Sepulveda, Francisco and Walker, Stuart and Quinlan, Terence and Dudley, Sandra EM and Maung, Sithu and others (2010) Do TETRA (Airwave) base station signals have a short-term impact on health and well-being? A randomized double-blind provocation study. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118 (6). p. 735. DOI https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901416

Thakur, Manoj Prasad and Quinlan, Terence James and Bock, Carlos and Walker, Stuart D and Toycan, Mehmet and Dudley, Sandra EM and Smith, David W and Borghesani, Anna and Moodie, David and Ran, Moshe and Ben-Ezra, Yossef (2009) 480-Mbps, Bi-Directional, Ultra-Wideband Radio-Over-Fiber Transmission Using a 1308/1564-nm Reflective Electro-Absorption Transducer and Commercially Available VCSELs. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 27 (3). pp. 266-272. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.2005644

Dudley, SEM and Quinlan, TJ and Walker, SD (2008) Ultrabroadband Wireless–Optical Transmission Links Using Axial Slot Leaky Feeders and Optical Fiber for Underground Transport Topologies. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 57 (6). pp. 3471-3476. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2008.920055

Parker, Michael C and Walker, Stuart D (2008) Differential temperature Carnot heat analysis shows that computing machines are thermodynamically irreversible. Optics Communications, 281 (13). pp. 3440-3446. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2008.03.013

Ajmal, T and Walker, SD (2008) 1.562 Gb/s phase-encrypted secure communication. In: UNSPECIFIED, ? - ?.