Real Person Interaction in Visual Attention Research

An important development in cognitive psychology in the past decade has been the examination of visual attention during real social interaction. This contrasts traditional laboratory studies of attention, including “social attention,” in which observers perform tasks alone. In this review, we show that although the lone-observer method has been central to attention research, real person interaction paradigms have not only uncovered the processes that occur during “joint attention,” but have also revealed attentional processes previously thought not to occur. Furthermore, the examination of some visual attention processes almost invariably requires the use of real person paradigms. While we do not argue for an increase in “ecological validity” for its own sake, we do suggest that research using real person interaction has greatly benefited the development of visual attention theories.