Involution matchings, the semigroup of orientation-preserving and orientation-reversing mappings, and inverse covers of the full transformation semigroup

We continue the study of permutations of a fi nite regular semigroup that map each element to one of its inverses, providing a complete description in the case of semigroups whose idempotent generated subsemigroup is a union of groups. We show, in two ways, how to construct an involution matching on the semigroup of all transformations which either preserve or reverse orientation of a cycle. Finally, as an application, we use involution matchings to prove that when the base set has at least four members, a fi nite full transformation semigroup has no cover by inverse subsemigroups that is closed under intersection.