Resource Scheduling in Integrated IoT and Fog Computing Environments: A Taxonomy, Survey and Future Directions

The fog computing paradigm has generated increasing research interest because it focuses on transferring the computational process to the edge of the network near the end-user. Fog nodes, the majority of physical devices in a fog environment, are geographically distributed and heterogeneous with limited resources. Fog computing consumes a lot of energy since there are numerous energy-constrained fog nodes in the fog environment. It is very important to optimize the Quality of Service (QoS) for integrated Internet of Things (IoT) and fog computing environments to deliver cost-effective and energy-efficient services. This chapter presents an analysis of the latest resource scheduling techniques for integrated IoT and fog computing environments. Furthermore, a taxonomy of resource scheduling techniques for integrated IoT and fog computing environments is proposed to understand their current status and identify the existing research gaps. Moreover, it discusses using Federated Learning to optimise QoS. Finally, it proposes future directions for research on this topic.