"The chief of the sacred scented flowers": European depictions of henna body art in Islamic cultures

This thesis critically examines the misconceptions perpetuated by Western scholars regarding the art of henna within cultural contexts influenced by Islamic traditions. Henna, a historically and culturally significant practice, has often been misrepresented in Western academic discourse, with its uses and meanings frequently distorted through orientalist frameworks. This research employs an interdisciplinary approach, integrating art history, cultural theory, and critical analysis, to explore the intricate patterns, symbolism, and socio-cultural roles of henna as a cultural art form. The study highlights key biases in Western interpretations, particularly the exaggeration of henna’s spiritual purposes at the expense of its artistic and communal significance. Through an analysis of historical and contemporary sources, the thesis underscores the richness and complexity of henna art as a medium of cultural expression, challenging reductive narratives. By addressing these misrepresentations, this work contributes to a more nuanced understanding of henna art, advocating for greater cultural specificity and contextual awareness in academic scholarship.